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高考英语语法:定语从句
编辑:admin 时间:2015/7/1 9:19:43 来源:中学英语网

     定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。

一、关系代词引导的定语从句

1. who可引导定语从句,指人,在从句中作主语(在非正式英语中亦可作宾语)。
I feel sorry for famous people who live their lives in the glare of publicity.我真可怜那些要在众目睽睽之下生活的名人。
He's not the kind of man who would go back on his words.他不是那种背信弃义的人。
People who walk on the grass are liable to a fine.在草坪上行走要罚款。
The man who I saw is called Smith.我见到的那个人名叫史密斯。
The man who telephoned was a friend of yours.打电话的人是你的一位朋友。
He who laughs last laughs best.谁笑到最后,谁笑得最好。
There is a lady who wants to see you.有一位女士要见你。
2. whom可引导定语从句,指人,在从句中作宾语,可省略。
The girl with whom he had been living for two years suddenly packed her bags and left.这姑娘和他同居了两年,突然收拾起行李走掉了。
The police have pulled in a half dozen people whom they suspect.警方已逮捕6个他们怀疑的人。
That's the girl (whom) I teach. 那就是我教的女孩。
The person (whom) you wish to see has come.你希望见到的人已经来了。
3. whose可引导定语从句,通常指人,也可指物,在从句中作定语。
He is a shallow thinker whose opinions aren't worth much.他看问题很浅薄,他的意见没有多大价值。
The play,whose style is rigidly formal,is typical of the period.这剧本是那个时期的典型作品,风格拘谨刻板。
Nobody is going to buy a house whose front door opens onto a gas works.没有谁会买一栋前门对着煤气厂的房子。
I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.我想要一个窗户面临大海的房间。
4. which可引导定语从句,指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时,常可省略。
This is the room which is kept for the reception of visitors.这是专供接待来访者用的房间。
There is a special parasite which gives rise to the itch.有一种特别的寄生虫会导致皮炎。
Lally was right about the repairs which the cottage needed.拉莉关于农舍需要如何修理的意见是正确的。
Rule out neatly any words which you don't wish Jack to read.把你不想让杰克看的词句整整齐齐地划掉。
The sports day is an occasion which we can all join in.运动日是大家都能参加运动的一个机会。
5. that可引导定语从句,可指事物,也可指人,在从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时,常可省略。
She is one of the students that work very hard. 她是特别用功的学生之一。
Is he the man that sells eggs?他是卖鸡蛋的那个人吗?
I like those cookies that are coated with chocolate spread.我喜欢那些裹巧克力酱的甜饼。
The letter that I received from him yesterday is very important.我昨天收到的他那封来信很重要。
Here is the car that I had told you about.这就是我和你谈过的那辆汽车。
6. as也可用作关系代词,既可以单独引出定语从句,又可与主句中的the same或such相呼应,从句中谓语动词常省略。
7. The two brothers were satisfied with this decision,as was agreed beforehand.两兄弟对这个事先已经同意的决定都满意。
I never heard such stories as he tells.我从未听过他讲的这类故事。
I have never seen such a man as you talked about.我从没见过你说到的那种人。
During this terrible year they took only such food as they could find.在这可怕的年头里,他们只能找到什么吃什么。
He is not the same boy as he was.他和从前不一样了。
Her attitude to him was quite the same as it had always been.她对他的态度同她一贯的态度完全一样。


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